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Borden Parker Bowne (; January 14, 1847, near Leonardville, New JerseyApril 1, 1910, Boston) was an American Christian philosopher and theologian in the Methodist tradition. In 1876 he became a professor of philosophy at Boston University, where he taught for more than thirty years. He later served as dean of the graduate school. Bowne was an acute critic of positivism and naturalism. He categorized his views as Kantianized Berkeleyanism, transcendental empiricism and, finally, personalism, a philosophical branch of liberal theology: of this branch Bowne is the dominant figure; this personalism is sometimes called Boston Personalism, in contrast with the California Personalism of George Holmes Howison. Bowne's masterpiece, ''Metaphysics'', appeared in 1882. Bowne was chiefly influenced by Hermann Lotze. ==Legacy== Bowne has influenced philosophy in various ways. For instance, there has been a direct line of personalists from Bowne through his student, Edgar Sheffield Brightman (1884-1954), through Brightman's student, Peter Anthony Bertocci (19101989), to Bertocci's student, Thomas O. Buford (b. 1932). There has also been a more general influence, as with Martin Luther King, Jr., who studied at Boston University, and spoke in his ''Stride toward Freedom'' of having gained "a metaphysical basis for the dignity and worth of all human personality."〔Martin Luther King, Jr. (1958), ''Stride toward Freedom'', New York: Harper.〕 Bowne received nine nominations for the Nobel Prize in Literature between 1906 and 1909—one from his own sister. ==Bibliography== * ''The Philosophy of Herbert Spencer'' (New York, 1874). * ''Studies in Theism'' (New York, 1882). * ''Metaphysics: A Study in First Principles'' (New York, 1882; revised ed., 1898). * ''Introduction to Psychological Theory'' (New York, 1886). * ''Philosophy of Theism'' (New York, 1887; revised ed. 1902). * ''The Principles of Ethics'' (New York, 1892). * ''Theory of Thought and Knowledge'' (New York, 1899). * ''The Christian Revelation'' (Cincinnati, 1898). * ''The Christian Life'' (Cincinnati, 1899). * ''The Atonement'' (Cincinnati, 1900). * ''The Immanence of God'' (Boston, 1905). * ''Personalism'' (Boston, 1908). * ''Studies in Christianity'' (1909). * ''A Man’s View of Woman Suffrage'' (Boston, 1910). * ''The Essence of Religion'' (Boston, 1910). * ''Kant and Spencer: A Critical Exposition'' (Boston, 1912). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Borden Parker Bowne」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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